Siginecha Yapa digito vs. Siginecha Yamagetsi: Kumvetsetsa Kusiyanako
Kutha kusaina zikalata ndi mapangano pa digito kwakhala kofunikira. Mawu awiri nthawi zambiri amabwera munkhaniyi ndi "Chidindo cha Digital” ndi “Siginecha ya pakompyuta.” Ngakhale amawoneka ngati osinthika, ali ndi kusiyana kosiyana kofunikira kuti amvetsetse, makamaka pankhani zamalamulo ndi mbiri yamalamulo.
Siginecha Yapa digito: Gulu Lolimba la Chitetezo
Ma signature a digito ali ngati zotchingira zotchingira zapadziko la digito. Amagwiritsa ntchito njira za cryptographic kuti atsimikizire chitetezo chokwanira komanso chovomerezeka mwalamulo. M'madera ambiri, ma signature a digito amakwaniritsa zofunikira zalamulo zosayina mapangano, mapangano, ndi zikalata.
Ku United States, mwachitsanzo, Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce (SIGN) Act ndi Uniform Electronic Transactions Act (UETA) kukhazikitsa maziko ovomerezeka a siginecha ya digito. Malamulowa akugogomezera kuti zolemba zamagetsi ndi siginecha za digito siziyenera kukanidwa zamalamulo chifukwa zili mu mawonekedwe apakompyuta.
Ulendo wa masiginecha a digito pamalamulo ukhoza kuyambika chakumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 1990 pomwe maboma padziko lonse lapansi adazindikira kufunikira kwa dongosolo lolimba kuti athe kutengera zochitika pakompyuta. Mu 1996, United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) adatengera Model Law on Electronic Commerce, yomwe idapereka malangizo ovomerezeka mwalamulo siginecha ndi zolemba zamagetsi.
United States idakhazikitsa lamulo la ESIGN mu 2000, ndikutsatiridwa ndi mayiko ambiri omwe adatengera Uniform Electronic Transactions Act. Njira zamalamulo izi zinali zofunika kwambiri popereka dongosolo lotetezeka komanso lovomerezeka mwalamulo la ma signature a digito. European Union idachitanso gawo lalikulu poyambitsa EIDAS Regulation mu 2016, yomwe idayimilira kasamalidwe kovomerezeka ka siginecha zamagetsi m'maiko onse omwe ali mamembala ake.
Siginecha Yamagetsi: Chiwonetsero Chokulirapo cha Zotheka
Masiginecha amagetsi, mosiyana, amaphatikiza kuthekera kochulukirapo. Atha kukhala kuchokera ku mayina osavuta otayidwa kupita kumitundu yotsogola yosaina zikalata pa digito. Kuvomerezeka kwalamulo kwa siginecha zamagetsi kumasiyanasiyana malinga ndi ulamuliro ndi mtundu wa zomwe zikuchitika.
M'mayiko ambiri, siginecha zoyambira zamagetsi ndizovomerezeka mwalamulo pamakontrakitala ambiri ndi mapangano. Komabe, kuvomereza kwawo kungakhale ndi zofunikira zina, monga kuvomereza kapena kusunga zolemba. Ndikofunika kuzindikira kuti malamulo ovomerezeka a siginecha zamagetsi sangakhale amphamvu ngati siginecha ya digito, makamaka pamene chitetezo ndi kusakanidwa ndizofunikira kwambiri.
Mbiri yamasiginecha apakompyuta ndi yolumikizana ndi kusinthika kwakukulu kwaukadaulo waukadaulo wama digito ndi kulumikizana. Kugwiritsiridwa ntchito kwa siginecha zamagetsi kunayamba kuonekera m'zaka za m'ma 1990, zomwe zinapangitsa kuti pakhale ndondomeko zoyendetsera malamulo kuti zitheke.
Malamulo monga ESIGN Act ndi UETA ku United States adathandizira kwambiri kuzindikira kufunikira kwalamulo kwa siginecha zamagetsi pazogulitsa zambiri. Kuphatikiza apo, mapangano osiyanasiyana apadziko lonse lapansi ndi madera, monga eIDAS ku European Union, akhazikitsidwa kuti agwirizanitse kasamalidwe kalamulo ka siginecha zamagetsi pakadutsa malire.
Kusankha Njira Yoyenera ya Siginecha
Ma signature a digito ndi ma signature amagetsi amagwira ntchito yosayina zikalata monga Statements of Works (DZANI) ndi Mgwirizano wa Utumiki wa Master (MSA), pa digito, koma amasiyana kwambiri pankhani yachitetezo, kuzindikirika mwalamulo, ndi mbiri yamalamulo.
Ma signature a digito amapereka chitetezo chokhazikika kudzera munjira zachinsinsi ndipo amakhala ndi maziko olimba azamalamulo m'malo ambiri. Nthawi zambiri amayamikiridwa pazochita zofunika kwambiri pomwe kukhulupirika ndi kukhulupirika ndizofunikira.
Kumbali ina, siginecha zamagetsi zimapereka zosankha zambiri, zomwe zimawapangitsa kukhala osavuta pazinthu zosiyanasiyana. Ngakhale zili zovomerezeka mwalamulo pazifukwa zambiri, kuvomereza kwawo kumatha kusiyanasiyana malinga ndi malamulo amderali komanso zomwe zikuchitika.
Posankha pakati pa njira ziwiri zosayina zogulitsa, kutsatsa, kapena kugwiritsa ntchito zaukadaulo wapaintaneti, ndikofunikira kuti muganizire zofunikira zamalamulo mdera lanu komanso kuchuluka kwa chitetezo ndi chitsimikizo chofunikira pakugwiritsa ntchito kwanu.
Nayi infographic yochokera OneSpan zomwe zimasonyeza mosavuta kusiyana kwake.